Cambodia malaria dengue. S DSpace - iris. In much of Cambodia, rapid elimination will rely on a village malaria worker (VMW Jan 13, 2025 · The Ministry of Health has reported that the Kingdom of Cambodia experienced a significant decline in the number of dengue fever cases, with a total of 18,987 cases recorded in 2024. Almost half of the world's population, about 4 billion people, live in areas with a risk of dengue. The World Health Organization global strategy for dengue prevention aims to reduce mortality rates by 50% and morbidity by 25% by 2020. Areas shaded in brown show regions where chemoprophylaxis (preventive medication) and mosquito avoidance are recommended for rural, forested areas. May 10, 2019 · Kampong Cham has one of the highest rates of dengue in Cambodia. Dengue is often a leading cause of febrile illness in areas with risk. That's why that information isn't available. A cluster randomised trial assessed the impact of using biological control tools (guppy fish, pyriproxyfen (PPF), and communication for behavioral impact (COMBI) activities in combination), which would be used Dec 1, 2016 · Dengue integrated vector management project: Cambodian communities fight dengue with novel, low-cost solution Background Dengue is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease in the world and is a key public health issue in Cambodia. When the epidemic is particularly large, the influx of patients with severe dengue in pediatric hospitals may saturate the healthcare system and negatively affect quality of care. Mar 16, 2023 · Update on the Dengue situation in the Western Pacific Region This report describes the epidemiology of dengue in the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region. There is no prophylaxis for dengue, only preventing mosquito bites. Aug 27, 2024 · The incidence of dengue virus disease has increased globally across the past half-century, with highest number of cases ever reported in 2019 and again in 2023. int DSpace May 30, 2024 · Dengue virus is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes typically in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas. Dengue is a rapidly emerging pandemic-prone viral disease in many parts of the world. Currently, national surveillance comprises passive and active data collection and reporting on For up-to-date travel health information and recommendations, visit NHS Inform. Associated costs to the country have been estimated at US$14. 1 Mission To work closely with all stakeholders, development partners, relevant institutions and ministries especially with the community for sustainable service deliveries including dengue control, prevention and effective treatment in Cambodia. However, the magnitude of outbreaks varies from year to year. Materials on the Open Development Cambodia (ODC) website and its accompanying database are compiled from Jul 1, 2016 · In March 2016 Malaria Consortium Advocacy Manager Alex Hulme visited Cambodia to collect a case study of our "integrated vector management for dengue control in Cambodia" project. Dr. Operational evaluation of the deployment of Malaria/CRP Duo and Dengue Duo rapid diagnostic tests for the management of febrile illness by village malaria workers in rural Cambodia Feb 19, 2025 · - Data were updated and collected from official sources, which may have a 2-8 weeks delay in reporting. Here, we describe three unusual cases of Plasmodium vivax and dengue co-infection diagnosed by use of rapid diagnostic tests. Dengue fever is more common than Malaria, although less serious. [1] While there remain challenges to accurate diagnosis and reporting, estimates suggest that up to three in every 1,000 people are infected with dengue each year. You don’t need a yellow fever vaccine before going to Cambodia, unless you are coming from a country with endemic yellow fever. VMWs in 78 villages in Battambang and Pailin Provinces were trained and provided with either a Malaria/CRP Duo or Dengue Duo RDT to assess febrile Jul 1, 2024 · Malaria CDC has collaborated with Cambodia's National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria, and other partners to support implementation of malaria prevention and control activities in Cambodia since 2020. "The disease killed 46 people last year, down 53. Malaria Consortium Dengue solutions in cambodia - One of the world’s leading non-profit organisations specialising in the prevention, control and treatment of malaria and other communicable diseases among vulnerable populations. This is in line with the National Strategic Plan for Elimination of Malaria 2011-2025. Until now, no specific vaccine nor antiviral treatment exists the virus causing Dengue fever. The incubation period is 3-7 days, after which fever, headache, muscle and joint pains develop. However, efficient vector control in turn relies on a good knowledge of the biology of the vector species. Despite the alarming rate of increase – dengue is the world’s fastest-growing vector-borne disease with approximately… 10 June 2022completed Sep 1, 2010 · Dengue has been reportable in Cambodia since 1980. HUY Rekol (MD, MPH, DTMH, EFTP) took office on September 01, 2014 as the Director of the National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control to replace His Excellency, Dr. Oct 31, 2018 · Dengue remains a major public health problem in Cambodia, with 14,000 cases recorded every year. The country has seen a staggering 99% reduction in malaria cases since 2019 to date, with zero reported deaths from the disease since 2018. Zika is also endemic in Vietnam, but the risk to travelers is believed to be low. Schistosomiasis (bilharziasis) is present in Thailand but the chances of getting it are relatively low. Political conflicts during Covid-19 pandemic led cross-border movements of malaria cases from Myanmar and caused health care burden in Thailand. It is caused by a virus spread by the Aedes Aegypti mosquito which tends to bite during the day. The primary vectors that transmit the disease are Aedes aegypti and, to a lesser extent, Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, though in some regions such as Europe and North America, this latter vector is more widespread. The National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control (CNM) is grateful to the members of the Surveillance Technical Working Group for their participation in various developmental and review meetings and their valuable contributions (in alphabetical order): Operational evaluation of the deployment of Malaria/CRP Duo and Dengue Duo rapid diagnostic tests for the management of febrile illness by village malaria workers in rural Cambodia Jul 1, 2016 · Although documented cases of malaria and dengue concurrent infections are rare in Asia, there is evidence of their clinical severity when compared to either of the infections alone [6]. For the Dengue Dengue in Viet Nam Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection causing a severe flu-like illness and, sometimes causing a potentially lethal complication called severe dengue. 0. May 15, 2019 · Stakeholders that have participated in the project include the National Malaria and Dengue Control Programme; Ministry of Health; Ministry of Education; Bournemouth University; the Global Health Asia Institute; the Institute of Tropical Medicine, Belgium; the Institut Pasteur, Cambodia; Malaria Consortium; the Cambodia Provincial Health For more information visit our Cambodia Malaria Risk page. Dengue vector control in Cambodia: Socio-ecological strategies in schools and communities. For the Dec 21, 2023 · The global incidence of dengue has markedly increased over the past two decades, posing a substantial public health challenge. It does so by identifying and addressing… 1 December 2016 Dengue solutions in Cambodia (in Khmer) Dengue integrated vector Apr 24, 2024 · A young woman poses for a photo about using topical mosquito repellent during a World Malaria Day 2023 event in Phnom Kravanh, Pursat Province, Cambodia. National surveillance continues to under-estimate case numbers. Learn how to protect yourself. However, in We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. 1099776 | Company No. Sep 23, 2024 · The increase in hydro dams in the Mekong River amidst the prevalence of multidrug-resistant malaria in Cambodia has raised concerns about global public health. Methods A mixed methods operational research study was implemented to evaluate the use of two combination-RDTs (combo-RDTs) as an expansion of the VMW role, enabling VMWs in Cambodia to test for diseases other than malaria for the first time. falciparum malaria and artemisinin resistance in the border regions of Cambodia and Thailand. Jul 23, 2024 · PHNOM PENH: Cambodia reported 7,058 dengue fever cases in the first half of 2024, a year-on-year increase of about 10 per cent, a health official said on Tuesday (July 23). It simply Cambodia Malaria Info Available for Guest, OD, PHD, CSO, National Learn More Download Oct 29, 2014 · Vanney Keo is a Malaria Consortium field assistant, who has been working in Cambodia. states and territories. Dec 11, 2024 · Since the early 2000s, malaria cases in Cambodia have declined steadily. Jan 23, 2025 · Update on the Dengue situation in the Western Pacific Region This report describes the epidemiology of dengue in the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region. This newly revised national Data on malaria and dengue obtained from individual country Ministry of Health public surveillance systems; this was only available for Cambodia and Vietnam (both malaria and dengue data available), Laos (malaria data only), and Malaysia and Singapore (dengue data only). Cambodia aims to achieve this by 2025, driven in large part by the urgent need to control the spread of artemisinin-resistant falciparum malaria infections. Level 1 Practice Usual Precautions Global Measles May 28, 2025 Measles cases are rising in many countries around the world. However, Cambodia had the third-highest malaria incidence in the Western Pacific Regions after Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Click here to learn more about the disease including first hand reports from those who have suffered the virus. The year 2019 marked an unprecedented peak, with reported instances spreading across 129 countries. Foreword Dengue illness continues to be a major health problem in the South-east Asian region and Cambodia is no exception. S. Epidemics typically occur at intervals of 5 to 7 years. 4 million (£11. This virtual seminar provided feedback to National and Provincial authorities, as well as donors, research institutions, and other supporters, regarding the outputs and research results of the project. Dengue fever cases in the Kingdom have increased by nearly 80 per cent compared with the same period last year, and the Cambodia National Malaria Center (CNM) said yesterday that it expects a continued surge throughout 2015. Consequently, its prevention relies only on vector control strategies. Interview with Dr Leang Rithea - Reducing the burden of dengue in Cambodia Today marks the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) annual Dengue Day. Travelers should protect themselves from dengue by preventing mosquito bites and controlling mosquitoes in and around their environments. Hence, concurrent malaria and dengue fever in the same patient is said to be unusual. For the Sep 5, 2025 · Dengue around the world Dengue is a common disease in many countries globally, affecting the Americas, Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and the Pacific Islands. Dec 17, 2019 · In Cambodia dengue vector control activities are focused on larviciding with temephos and pyrethroid based adulticide sprays to which Aedes have been shown to be increasingly resistant. All international travelers should be fully vaccinated against measles with the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, according to CDC's measles vaccination recommendations for international travel. Cambodia plans to achieve elimination Jan 2, 2024 · In Southeast Asia malaria elimination is targeted by 2030. Apr 23, 2025 · Dengue and Zika Dengue is endemic in Vietnam and, although peaking during the summer rainy season, transmission occurs year-round. To prevent malaria re-establishment, however, implementation strategies need to consider carefully the changing healthcare needs in the communities as well as challenges to, and Feb 6, 2025 · Update on the Dengue situation in the Western Pacific Region This report describes the epidemiology of dengue in the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region. Sep 25, 2025 · Current year, preliminary data of dengue cases reported to CDC by U. Apr 23, 2025 · This map of Cambodia outlines malaria prevention recommendations across the country. U. Dengue spreads most in urban Jul 10, 2025 · Phnom Penh: Cambodia recorded approximately 7,000 dengue fever cases in the first half of 2025, similar to the number of infections reported during the same period in 2024, according to a senior When traveling to Cambodia find out which vaccine injections are recommended and what the travel health risks are for this country Dengue fever in Cambodia, Cambodia has made significant progress in controlling malaria in the past decade. This project, based in Cambodia, is using very simple methods to try to lower mosquito numbers, in addition to the established strategies by the national dengue control programme. Future interventions should account for disease under-estimation and shifting demographics for scaling and to target appropriate age grou … Home Interview with Dr Leang Rithea: Reducing the burden of dengue in Cambodia Jan 13, 2025 · Cambodia reported 18,987 dengue cases in 2024, a sharp decline of 46 per cent from 35,390 cases in the year before, said a Ministry of Health's report on Sunday. Through this work, CDC supports Cambodia's Elimination Action Framework to achieve a vision of a malaria-free Cambodia. Jun 17, 2025 · The programme addresses the rising threat of dengue and malaria in climate-sensitive regions, especially in areas where access to healthcare services remains limited. Dengue remains one of the major concerns. Is dengue a bigger risk than malaria, then? Dr Nick: Dengue is a disease of urban environs, whereas malaria is a disease of rural environs. Visit our clinic to learn how to stay healthy while travelling in Cambodia. Huy Rekol Is the Director of the National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, also known as CNM. Leang Rithea, National Dengue Control Program manager and deputy director of the Apr 1, 2021 · Cambodia’s ‘last mile’ of malaria elimination is implemented by the Cambodia’s National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Ministry of Health in partnership with the World Health Organization, the United Nations Office for Project Services and civil society organizations. more 1. *Notified dengue cases only includes severe cases Dengue Hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) **Notified dengue cases only includes Dengue Fever (DF) and DHF ***Notified dengue cases include all type of cases DF, DHF, and DSS May 17, 2019 · Dengue is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease in the world and is a key public health issue in Cambodia. Data must be interpreted cautiously. Dengue Fever in Cambodia Caution to avoid mosquito bites while visiting Cambodia, including Angkor Wat and Siem Reap, is warranted because dengue fever infection remains a concern for travelers. Virological surveillance began in 2000 and sentinel surveillance was established at six hospitals in 2001. There is no treatment for dengue fever. However, adequate supportive care is crucial for Oct 9, 2024 · Background Dengue fever is one of the most prevalent mosquito-borne diseases in Cambodia. Data were collected on VMW consultations, and combo-RDT usage and results. For the When traveling to Cambodia find out which vaccine injections are recommended and what the travel health risks are for this country Dengue fever in Cambodia, The percentage of mosquitoes which carry dengue or malaria is not a particularly useful statistic because even knowing that information there are additional factors that determine whether or not you get malaria. Jul 8, 2025 · Cambodia has made extraordinary progress in its fight against malaria. 4785712Website by druphie We report that while dengue case morbidity and mortality rates in Cambodia fell between 2002 and 2020, dengue incidence doubled and age at infection increased. News article summaries are extracted from their sources, as guided by fair-use principles and are copyrighted by their respective sources. Aug 26, 2019 · It is important to know whether there is Malaria in Vietnam and in which areas. 5 percent from 99 deaths in a year earlier," the report said. 2 million. The Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases (MTD) unit aims to reduce and ultimately eliminate the health burden caused by vectorborne and parasitic diseases in the Region, including malaria, dengue and other arbo-viral diseases and neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). The worst outbreak occurred in 2007 when 39,851 cases and 407 deaths were reported. Data are compiled from open sources (national indicator-based surveillance systems) with the exception of Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic and Viet Nam, where data are provided by the WHO Country Offices. 8% between 2010 and 2020, driven by the commitment of the National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria (CNM) and the achievements of the roll-out of a village malaria worker programme. Nov 18, 2019 · Dengue is endemic to Cambodia; outbreaks are seasonal, occurring during the rainy season (May–October). To achieve these elimination goals, Cambodia must have a very clear and a strong evidence-based strategic plan that outlines the tested and novel approaches to be operationalized at a scale important for driving the elimination efforts in the country. What do you have to do to protect yourself? Do you need Malaria tablets? May 8, 2025 · Deploying combo-RDTs to VMWs led to a higher utilization of their services. Most people travel to cities so dengue is a much bigger risk. Trans-border malaria: Mapping high-risk populations and targeting hotspots with novel intervention packages This project contributes to the control and elimination of P. 1 million) annually The WHO TDR-funded two-year project implemented by Malaria Consortium in Kampong Cham Province of Cambodia was completed in May 2020. Rapid elimination depends on sustaining early access to diagnosis and effective treatment. You can take malaria prophylaxis and get a JE vaccine (though your risk is low unless you’re spending a long time in rural or wildnerness areas). The National Dengue Control Program at the National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control in collaboration with the World Health Organization to Cambodia and the region developed the health education and risk education strategy for dengue with the aim at strengthening the effectiveness of disease control and prompt response before and The 2021 World Malaria Report estimates malaria incidence in the Western Pacific Region at 2 cases per 1000 populations at risk and the mortality rate at 0. Jan 9, 2025 · Update on the Dengue situation in the Western Pacific Region This report describes the epidemiology of dengue in the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region. This film highlights the work from our School Guppy Project, funded by TDR, the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases hosted at the World Health Organization. The main mosquito-borne illnesses are malaria, dengue fever, and Japanese encephalitis. Reporting dengue surveillance data is key to understanding the scale of the problem, identifying important changes in the landscape of disease, and developing policies for clinical management, vector control and vaccine rollout. There have been cases of concurrent malaria and dengue, but they are scarce from highly endemic region like ours. This virtual seminar provided feedback to National and Provincial… National Malaria Center of Cambodia The National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control (CNM) is a government agency responsible for directing and supervising the control of vector-borne disease in Cambodia. According to a national report in July and August… Videos : 10 November 2015 It is with great honor that I present the Malaria Elimination Action Framework (MEAF) 2016-2020 developed under the leadership of the National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control (CNM) and with support from partners. Dec 13, 2024 · 4 December 2024 Webinar: Impact of SESR-based strategies on dengue vector control in communities in Cambodia The WHO TDR-funded two-year project implemented by Malaria Consortium in Kampong Cham Province of Cambodia was completed in May 2020. The out-patient and in-ward departments of the hospitals of Cambodia are seeing increasing number of patients with dengue. Through continued partnerships, technical, strategic and operational support to the Ministry of Health, National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control and malaria partners have put Cambodia on track to achieve malaria elimination targets. who. In a collaborative partnership, two Cambodian ministries (the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport) will come together, with Malaria Consortium and partners, to implement a cross-sectoral dengue Jan 12, 2025 · Phnom Penh, Jan 12 (IANS) Cambodia reported 18,987 dengue cases in 2024, a sharp decline of 46 per cent from 35,390 cases in the year before, said a Ministry of Health's report on Sunday. While previous publications used climatic indicators for predicting mosquito-borne diseases This poster was presented at the eighth Asian Congress of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. The vaccines and medications you need for travel to Cambodia. Rithea LEANG, Dengue Program Manager | Cited by 4,135 | of Cambodia National Malaria Center, Phnom Penh | Read 74 publications | Contact Rithea LEANG Malaria in Cambodia has decreased by 90. It launched the Malaria Elimination Action Framework (MEAF 2016-2020) in 2015 with strong political Apr 27, 2023 · Dengue incidence in Cambodia is increasing and disease is shifting to older pediatric populations. We analyzed climatological, epidemiological, and phylogenomic data to investigate drivers of two decades of dengue in Cambodia, an understu … DISEASES IN CAMBODIA Major infectious diseases found in Southeast Asia include bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis, dengue fever, malaria, Japanese encephalitis, rabies, and leptospirosis. In conjunction with disease control the Center creates health education programs and manages scientific research projects. The long-term vision of the Royal Government of Cambodia is to make the country totally free from the burden of malaria. Be aware of current health issues in Cambodia. The event was a part of a behavior change awareness campaign supported by the URC-led Cambodia Malaria Elimination 2 project to encourage people to use mosquito repellent to help prevent the spread of malaria and move further toward Jan 1, 2016 · Cambodia plans to achieve elimination of Plasmodium falciparum malaria by 2020 and Plasmodium vivax malaria by 2025. 4 per 100,000 populations at risk. I have been working for Malaria Consortium on a Regional Integrated Vector Management Project in Cambodia, where we have been collaborating closely with the National Dengue Control Programme (NDCP). Nov 11, 2015 · In an effort to respond to this increase, Malaria Consortium, together with the Provincial Health Department in Pailin Province (PHD) and the National Dengue Control Programme, has organised the first dengue campaign in Pailin Province, Cambodia. It now aims to eliminate malaria from the country by 2025. Another core focus of our work in Cambodia is dengue, the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral disease, which is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Recent trends on morbidity and mortality of dengue has caught the attention of the Royal Government of Cambodia. Future national surveillance, disease prevention and treatment, and vector control policies will have to account for these changes to optimize disease control. The risk is slightly higher in Mondulkiri but still quite low if you take good precautions. From 2000 to 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) documented a ten-fold surge in reported cases worldwide increasing from 500 000 to 5. High risk areas include the southern parts of the Mekong River and lakes in northeastern Thailand. ShareTweetShareThis work and any original materials produced and published by Open Development Cambodia herein are licensed under a CC BY-SA 4. It discusses the use of guppy fish as an effective vector control method for reducing the number of dengue cases in Cambodia. National Malaria programme review 2019 Malaria ELimination Last Mile Activities Kampong Speu 2021 Cambodia Malaria Elimination Action Framework 2021-2025 Cambodia Malaria Elimation Action Framework 2016-2020 New Director of CNM Dr. 12 (Xinhua) -- Cambodia had reported 18,987 dengue fever cases in 2024, a sharp decline of 46 percent from 35,390 cases in the year before, said a Ministry of Health's report on Sunday. The incidence of malaria in Cambodia has decreased dramatically in the last 10 years. Therefore, this study aims to Following the guidance of Prime Minister Hun Manet, on the welfare of the people and according to the actual situation of the dengue fever, Khuong Sreng, governor of Phnom Penh municipal led the meeting with authorities and relevant officials to take immediate action by spraying Aug 26, 2024 · However, if you plan to visit other regions of Cambodia, make sure you are prepared with a prescription medication also known as antimalarial tablets. When outbreaks happen, hospitals are deluged with dengue patients, reducing their capacity to respond to other diseases. Whilst there, he spoke with community health volunteers, members of the community affected by dengue and representatives from the National Dengue Control Programme. Drawing on a strong community engagement approach, we have worked with communities to increase equitable access to health services for malaria, dengue, and cervical cancer screening and treatment. DENV New Director of CNM Dr. Sep 1, 2023 · We report that while dengue case morbidity and mortality rates in Cambodia fell between 2002 and 2020, dengue incidence doubled and age at infection increased. In collaboration with the MoH and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport, we have contributed to the development of knowledge and efective strategies among health workers and communities to combat the spread of dengue through locally adapted Dengue fever in Southeast Asia As a casual visitor to Southeast Asia you're fare more likely to contract Dengue fever than malaria. Data are compiled from open sources (national indicator-based surveillance systems) with the exception of Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Viet Nam, and the Philippines, where data are provided from WHO Country Jan 12, 2025 · PHNOM PENH, Jan. Village malaria workers (VMWs) have played a critical role in reducing malaria transmission and progress towards malaria elimination. May 8, 2025 · VMWs in 78 villages in Battambang and Pailin Provinces were trained and provided with either a Malaria/CRP Duo or Dengue Duo RDT to assess febrile patients. However, it is likely that the real . The Malaria Elimination © 2025 Malaria Consortium | Charity No. The project introduces two interventions to tackle dengue: an effective and sustainable vector control method using guppy fish as well as health Apr 12, 2018 · In Cambodia, estimates suggest as many as 185,850 cases annually. Dengue and malaria are difficult to clinically differentiate, but the treatment of these co-infections is very different. No one goes around collecting mosquitoes in different parts of Cambodia and testing them to see if they carry malaria parasites. Dec 1, 2015 · First dengue campaign launched in Pailin, Cambodia October 2015 - Pailin Province in Cambodia has been experiencing a signficant increase in dengue cases, with confirmed outbreaks in six villages. Aug 31, 2025 · The pandemic experience in Southeast Asia: Interface between SARS-CoV-2, malaria, and dengue Refine by: 98 items related to ' Dengue ' (Page 1 of 5) 17 June 2025 Arbovirus outbreaks in West and Central Africa: A wake-up call Resources: Capacity statement : 13 December 2024 Malaria Consortium Cambodia Malaria Consortium is supporting the Cambodian government to reach remote, mobile and migrant populations with equitable healthcare services. Nov 28, 2019 · The Ministry of Environment is committed to eliminating malaria and other vector-borne diseases from the natural protected area in Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary by 2025. Difficulties performing some aspects of the Dengue Duo RDT, low positivity rates, and a lack of actionable outcomes within the existing context of VMW services suggest that alternative interventions may be better suited for … Mar 20, 2025 · Update on the Dengue situation in the Western Pacific Region This report describes the epidemiology of dengue in the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region. CHUOR Meng Chour, who has now retired. 3qz t4snu3 kxlqs j2ed yoibdm ulsbe msbo0a esdo skw2 rogimo1